The definition of utilities, in computer-speak, is a program that extends the services of the operating system. It can either be part of the operating system or it can be software that is downloaded as an add-on. Microsoft includes some Windows Utilities with their operating systems, and developers have created uncounted utilities that are available free and for purchase on line.
Several versions of Microsoft Windows are packaged with system tools. By clicking the Start key, selecting Programs, then Accessories, you will find the menu option for system tools. In Windows 2000, the Backup utility allows the user to schedule backup on an included calendar. Backup of System state, selected files, drives, and network data, or the entire computer are options provided, as well as a Restore menu. In addition, a utility in the backup category enables the user to create an emergency repair disk, while another generates backup reports.
Other Windows Utilities available from System Tools are Disk Cleanup and Disk Defrag. The Disk Cleanup utility scans the hard drive and indicates how much hard drive space could be saved by deleting unnecessary files, such as temp files and downloaded program files. There is a sub-menu listing unused Windows components as candidates for removal also, such as Outlook Express and a Script Debugger. Disk Defrag gathers data fragments and places them contiguously, recovering disk space and speeding up processes. An invaluable utility is Task Manager, which shows system usage.
Security software is considered a Windows utility, as it often monitors the registry, which is the core of any operating system. Effective antivirus software will monitor registry changes and alert the user to accept or reject the change requested. Malicious programs seek to corrupt the registry, affecting how the operating system boots, or preventing it from booting altogether. One of many constructive Windows Utilities written by independent developers is a tool to recover the Windows product key, essential when booting has become compromised. The operating system has become a springboard for innovation, leading to the creation of useful Windows Utilities.